Define constructors and destructors in object-oriented programming.

In object-oriented programming, constructors and destructors play a crucial role in object lifecycle management. The correct answer highlights that constructors are specifically designed to initialize objects when they are created. This initialization can include setting default values for member variables and preparing the object for use. By defining a constructor, a programmer can ensure that every instance of a class starts off in a predictable state.

Destructors, on the other hand, are called when an object is destroyed or goes out of scope. Their primary function is to perform cleanup tasks, such as releasing memory that was allocated for the object or closing file handles, network connections, or other resources. This ensures that resources are properly managed and helps prevent memory leaks, which can lead to performance issues or application crashes.

The other options do not accurately represent the roles of constructors and destructors. For instance, while methods that manage data structures could be involved in a class's functionality, they do not specifically denote the initialization or cleanup processes of an object's lifecycle. Similarly, while performance optimization can be a concern in programming, it is not the primary purpose of constructors and destructors. Lastly, defining constructors and destructors as properties misrepresents their functionality, as they are not properties but rather special methods associated with class instances