What is the major benefit of using object-oriented programming principles, such as encapsulation?

The major benefit of using object-oriented programming principles, such as encapsulation, is that it enhances code readability and maintainability. Encapsulation allows developers to bundle data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on that data into single units known as objects. By restricting access to certain components of the object, encapsulation simplifies how objects interact with one another, making the code easier to understand.

When the internal workings of a class are hidden from the outside, it results in a clean interface that other parts of the program can interact with. This abstraction reduces the complexity of the code, making it easier to read and follow the logic. Moreover, if changes need to be made to the class (for instance, to fix a bug or enhance a feature), these changes can typically be made without affecting other parts of the program that rely on that class, thereby improving maintainability.

Code readability also benefits from encapsulation because it encourages structuring code in a way that reflects real-world entities and relationships. As a result, both current and future developers will find it easier to navigate the codebase and adjust it as necessary, fostering long-term project sustainability.